Abstract
The near-universal penetration of smartphones, including in middle-income countries undergoing rapid digital transition such as Uzbekistan, has made mobile health, or mHealth, applications a practical and scalable channel for supporting the day-to-day management of chronic non-communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and chronic respiratory disease. Unlike clinic-based interventions, which necessarily occur at discrete, infrequent intervals, mHealth applications can provide continuous or near-continuous support directly within a patient's daily routine, addressing one of the central challenges of chronic disease management: sustaining the behavioural and self-monitoring adherence required between clinical encounters that are often months apart [1].
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