FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN COMMERCIAL BANK LENDING TO SMALL BUSINESS AND PRIVATE ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Abstract

This paper provides a comparative analysis of the U.S. SBA guarantee programs, Germany’s KfW refinancing model, and Korea’s KODIT and KOTEC guarantee and technology assessment systems. Common features of foreign experience—lending through private banks, partial risk sharing, targeted segmentation, digital processes, and the joint assessment of performance and financial sustainability—are identified. Practical proposals for Uzbekistan are developed based on portfolio guarantees, technology scoring, and the house-bank model.