TRANSLATOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IN TRANSLATING ENGLISH TECHNICAL TERMS INTO UZBEK AND RUSSIAN

Abstract

This thesis examines the main translatological problems that arise when English technical terms are translated into Uzbek and Russian. Technical terminology is one of the most active layers of professional vocabulary because new concepts, devices, methods and digital systems are usually named first in English and then transferred into other languages. The purpose of this thesis is to identify structural, semantic and functional difficulties in translating English technical terms into Uzbek and Russian. The study is based on descriptive, comparative and translatological methods. The findings show that the main problems are connected with the absence of direct equivalents, polysemy, synonymy, abbreviation, calquing, borrowing, semantic narrowing, contextual dependence and differences in word-formation models. The thesis concludes that successful translation of technical terms requires not only linguistic competence, but also subject knowledge, terminological consistency and awareness of standard usage in the target language.